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Writing a Simple Service and Client

catkin rosbuild

Writing a Service Node

Here we'll create the service ("add_two_ints_server") node which will receive two ints and return the sum.

$ roscd beginner_tutorials

Please make sure you have followed the directions in the previous tutorial for creating the service needed in this tutorial, creating the AddTwoInts.srv (be sure to choose the right version of build tool you're using at the top of wiki page in the link).

The Code

Create the scripts/add_two_ints_server.py file within the beginner_tutorials package and paste the following inside it:

   1 #!/usr/bin/env python
   2 import roslib; roslib.load_manifest('beginner_tutorials')
   3 from beginner_tutorials.srv import *
   4 import rospy
   5 
   6 def handle_add_two_ints(req):
   7     print "Returning [%s + %s = %s]"%(req.a, req.b, (req.a + req.b))
   8     return AddTwoIntsResponse(req.a + req.b)
   9 
  10 def add_two_ints_server():
  11     rospy.init_node('add_two_ints_server')
  12     s = rospy.Service('add_two_ints', AddTwoInts, handle_add_two_ints)
  13     print "Ready to add two ints."
  14     rospy.spin()
  15 
  16 if __name__ == "__main__":
  17     add_two_ints_server()

   1 #!/usr/bin/env python
   2 
   3 from __future__ import print_function
   4 
   5 from beginner_tutorials.srv import AddTwoInts,AddTwoIntsResponse
   6 import rospy
   7 
   8 def handle_add_two_ints(req):
   9     print("Returning [%s + %s = %s]"%(req.a, req.b, (req.a + req.b)))
  10     return AddTwoIntsResponse(req.a + req.b)
  11 
  12 def add_two_ints_server():
  13     rospy.init_node('add_two_ints_server')
  14     s = rospy.Service('add_two_ints', AddTwoInts, handle_add_two_ints)
  15     print("Ready to add two ints.")
  16     rospy.spin()
  17 
  18 if __name__ == "__main__":
  19     add_two_ints_server()

Don't forget to make the node executable:

• chmod +x scripts/add_two_ints_server.py

Add the following to your CMakeLists.txt. This makes sure the python script gets installed properly, and uses the right python interpreter.

catkin_install_python(PROGRAMS scripts/add_two_ints_server.py
  DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
)

The Code Explained

Now, let's break the code down.

There's very little to writing a service using rospy. We declare our node using init_node() and then declare our service:

  12     s = rospy.Service('add_two_ints', AddTwoInts, handle_add_two_ints)

This declares a new service named add_two_ints with the AddTwoInts service type. All requests are passed to handle_add_two_ints function. handle_add_two_ints is called with instances of AddTwoIntsRequest and returns instances of AddTwoIntsResponse.

Just like with the subscriber example, rospy.spin() keeps your code from exiting until the service is shutdown.

Writing the Client Node

The Code

Create the scripts/add_two_ints_client.py file within the beginner_tutorials package and paste the following inside it:

   1 #!/usr/bin/env python
   2 
   3 from __future__ import print_function
   4 
   5 import sys
   6 import rospy
   7 from beginner_tutorials.srv import *
   8 
   9 def add_two_ints_client(x, y):
  10     rospy.wait_for_service('add_two_ints')
  11     try:
  12         add_two_ints = rospy.ServiceProxy('add_two_ints', AddTwoInts)
  13         resp1 = add_two_ints(x, y)
  14         return resp1.sum
  15     except rospy.ServiceException as e:
  16         print("Service call failed: %s"%e)
  17 
  18 def usage():
  19     return "%s [x y]"%sys.argv[0]
  20 
  21 if __name__ == "__main__":
  22     if len(sys.argv) == 3:
  23         x = int(sys.argv[1])
  24         y = int(sys.argv[2])
  25     else:
  26         print(usage())
  27         sys.exit(1)
  28     print("Requesting %s+%s"%(x, y))
  29     print("%s + %s = %s"%(x, y, add_two_ints_client(x, y)))

Don't forget to make the node executable:

$ chmod +x scripts/add_two_ints_client.py

Then, edit the catkin_install_python() call in your CMakeLists.txt so it looks like the following:

catkin_install_python(PROGRAMS scripts/add_two_ints_server.py scripts/add_two_ints_client.py
  DESTINATION ${CATKIN_PACKAGE_BIN_DESTINATION}
)

The Code Explained

Now, let's break the code down.

The client code for calling services is also simple. For clients you don't have to call init_node(). We first call:

  10     rospy.wait_for_service('add_two_ints')

This is a convenience method that blocks until the service named add_two_ints is available.

Next we create a handle for calling the service:

  12         add_two_ints = rospy.ServiceProxy('add_two_ints', AddTwoInts)

We can use this handle just like a normal function and call it:

  13         resp1 = add_two_ints(x, y)
  14         return resp1.sum

Because we've declared the type of the service to be AddTwoInts, it does the work of generating the AddTwoIntsRequest object for you (you're free to pass in your own instead). The return value is an AddTwoIntsResponse object. If the call fails, a rospy.ServiceException may be thrown, so you should setup the appropriate try/except block.

Building your nodes

We use CMake as our build system and, yes, you have to use it even for Python nodes. This is to make sure that the autogenerated Python code for messages and services is created.

$ make

# In your catkin workspace
$ cd ~/catkin_ws
$ catkin_make

Try it out!

In a new terminal, run

$ cd ~/catkin_ws
$ . devel/setup.bash
$ rosrun beginner_tutorials add_two_ints_server.py

In a new terminal, run

$ cd ~/catkin_ws
$ . devel/setup.bash
$ rosrun beginner_tutorials add_two_ints_client.py

• And you will see the usage information printed, similar to

  /home/user/catkin_ws/src/beginner_tutorials/scripts/add_two_ints_client.py [x y]

Then run

$ rosrun beginner_tutorials add_two_ints_client.py 4 5

• And you will get

  Requesting 4+5
  4 + 5 = 9

  • And the server will print out

  Returning [4 + 5 = 9]

Next tutorial: rospy_tutorials/Tutorials/Parameters.